问题描述 Binary Tree Level Order Traversal I
Given a binary tree, return the level order traversal of its nodes' values. (ie, from left to right, level by level).
For example:
Given binary tree {3,9,20,#,#,15,7},
3
/ \
9 20
/ \
15 7
return its level order traversal as:
[
[3],
[9,20],
[15,7]
]
code
/*
【BFS通常框架】
通常使用队列实现FIFO
初始化队列Q
Q={起点s},s标记为已经访问
while(Q不为空) {
取队首head,head出队
if(head处达到目标) {...}
所有head未访问的相邻节点加入队列
标记head已经被访问
}
eg:
int[] queue = new int[n];
int head = 0;tail = 0;
queue[tail++] = root;
while(head < tail) {
//do thing
}
【三种思路,最后一种最为简洁】
===【每个节点记录自己所在的层数】
一个list记录遍历的先后结构,一个list记录遍历的节点的层数
如果输出遍历路线,一般还要保持父节点的遍历中存的位置
最后将两个list的结果对照来输出
===【用一个符号来比较层的转移】
用一个变量节点来记录下一层的开始节点
while(!Q.isEmpty()) {
Node n = Q.peek();
Node n2depth = null'
while(n != n2depth && !Q.isEmpty()) {
Q.remove();
if(n2depth == null) {
n2depth = n not null 子节点
}
Q.add(n not null 子节); n = Q.peek();
}
//do thing for this layer
}
===【用两个队列来存上下两层的数据】
从root开始,放到第一个队列
接着取出第一队列,将其相邻或子节点放到下一个队列
如此反复
*/
/**
* Definition for binary tree
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
/*
Input: {}
Output: null
Expected:[]
*/
public class Solution {
public List<List<Integer>> levelOrder(TreeNode root) {
List<List<Integer>> lists = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>();
if(root == null) return lists;
List<Integer> list; //注意每次都要new
Queue<TreeNode> queue = new LinkedList<TreeNode>();
queue.add(root);
while(!queue.isEmpty()) {
Queue<TreeNode> temp = new LinkedList<TreeNode>();
list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
while(!queue.isEmpty()) {
TreeNode n = queue.remove();
list.add(n.val);
if(n.left != null) temp.add(n.left);
if(n.right != null) temp.add(n.right);
}
lists.add(list);
queue = temp;
}
return lists;
}
}
问题描述 Binary Tree Level Order Traversal II
Given a binary tree, return the bottom-up level order traversal of its nodes' values. (ie, from left to right, level by level from leaf to root).
For example:
Given binary tree {3,9,20,#,#,15,7},
3
/ \
9 20
/ \
15 7
return its bottom-up level order traversal as:
[
[15,7],
[9,20],
[3]
]
code
/**
* Definition for binary tree
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
/*没啥好搞的
Colletcions.reverse(lists);
*/
public class Solution {
public List<List<Integer>> levelOrderBottom(TreeNode root) {
List<List<Integer>> lists = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>();
if(root == null) return lists;
List<Integer> list; //注意每次都要new
Queue<TreeNode> queue = new LinkedList<TreeNode>();
queue.add(root);
while(!queue.isEmpty()) {
Queue<TreeNode> temp = new LinkedList<TreeNode>();
list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
while(!queue.isEmpty()) {
TreeNode n = queue.remove();
list.add(n.val);
if(n.left != null) temp.add(n.left);
if(n.right != null) temp.add(n.right);
}
lists.add(list);
queue = temp;
}
Collections.reverse(lists);
return lists;
}
}